THE FORMATION OF JAMES B. LANSING SOUND, INCORPORATED The company that is presently known as James B. Lansing Sound, Incorporated,
was first called Lansing Sound, Incorporated, and
dates from 1 October 1946. The
principals of this company were James B. Lansing, Chauncey Snow, and Chester
L. Noble. Since
the name Lansing had been identified for so many years as a product
trade name, the Altec Lansing Corporation objected strenuously
to the name of the
new corporation. By agreement with George Carrington, Lansing Sound, Incorporated,
changed its name to James
B. Lansing Sound, Incorporated. The general consensus
was that there was strong product and brand identification with the name of
Lansing
by itself, and that of course was the property of Altec Lansing. The use of the full
name James B. Lansing on the other hand
focused attention on the man himself
-as opposed to specific products.
The earliest letterhead of the new company showed the office located at 510 South
Spring Street in Los Angeles, which was the office
of Chester Noble, a financial
consultant. Snow was a lawyer Lansing had dealt with for some years. The letterhead
also indicated that
the factory was located in San Marcos, a small town close to
Oceanside in San Diego county, and the location of an avocado and citrus
ranch
that Lansing owned. He maintained a complete machine shop on the premises, and
this is where he actually began his new
loudspeaker manufacturing work. One of the
first products introduced by the new company was the model D101 fifteen-inch
loudspeaker.
It was virtually a copy of the Altec Lansing 515 theater woofer with an
aluminum dome and with venting through the back of the magnet
structure. Lansing
also used the trade name, Iconic, in describing this loudspeaker, and this was of
course an obvious violation of Altec
Lansing's ownership of the Iconic trade name.
Obviously, Lansing was not aware that he was doing anything wrong; he simply felt
the
name Iconic which he had coined as a trademark years earlier was somehow
still his. Altec Lansing of course insisted that he cease
and desist in such unwarranted
use of the Iconic name.
Lansing soon developed a series of components enabling him to put together a
virtual copy of the original Iconic system. These included
a fifteen-inch theater-type
woofer, a high-frequency driver, and a small multicellular horn. The driver, known
as the D175, is still in the
JBL catalog today. Lansing pioneered the use of four-inch
voice coils for low-frequency transducers, and the D130 was the first loudspeaker
to
incorporate this. The D130 was developed in 1947 and with it the D101 was
discontinued. The development of Alnico V material during
the war years is what
made the new design possible. Working with Robert Arnold of the Arnold Engineering
Company in Chicago, Lansing
was able to procure a magnet of reasonable size that
could saturate a four-inch diameter gap with a field strength of about 12,000 gauss.
Such a gap obviously had to be quite small, and the relatively large four-inch voice
coil had to be built with a degree of precision that had
been unknown in the industry.
Other products designed by Lansing during the same time were the twelve-inch D131
and eight-inch D208.
The company had been formed during the economic slump immediately following
World War II. As we have noted before, Lansing was not
a shrewd businessman,
and the company never prospered under his direction. In November of 1947, Lansing
secured additional funding
from Roy Marquardt of the Marquardt Aviation Company.
With this agreement, Marquardt Aviation agreed to furnish manufacturing space
for
a cost to Lansing of 10% of net sales, with the Marquardt company receiving the right
to take assignment of accounts receivable to satisfy
at any time the amount due.
Marquardt further agreed to lend money to Lansing for working capital in such
amounts as would not be a
burden on the Marquardt corporation itself. The Marquardt
company was further given an option on 40% of the stock of the Lansing
company,
and the Marquardt Aircraft Company was represented on the Board of Directors by
William H. Thomas, who was at that time
the Treasurer of Marquardt. The company
moved its offices and manufacturing facilities to the Marquardt plant at 4221 Lincoln
Boulevard
in Venice, California. In late 1948, the company moved to the Marquardt
facility at 7801 Hayvenhurst Avenue in Van Nuys, California.
At the end of its second fiscal year in 1948, James B. Lansing Sound, Incorporated,
showed an operating loss of some $2,500; and this with
most of the tooling and
development costs still in the process of being capitalized. By December of 1948,
the debt to the Marquardt Aircraft
Company had reached almost $15,000, and it was
inevitable that the company would have to be taken over by Marquardt with Lansing
continuing on as an employee. Lansing further bought out the interest held by Messrs.
Snow and Noble so that he became the sole
spokesman for the company in negotiations
with Marquardt. In early 1949, Marquardt was purchased by the General Tire Company,
who were not interested in continuing the relation with Lansing. The tie between
Marquardt and Lansing was severed, and at that point,
William Thomas left Marquardt
and assumed an important role in the operation of James B. Lansing Sound,
Incorporated. The company
then moved to new headquarters at 2439 Fletcher Drive
in Los Angeles.
During the first three years James B. Lansing Sound, Incorporated made no profit at
all; it barely stayed afloat. Over the short span of three
years, the company occupied
four locations, and that had an impact on production efficiencies. There were rarely
enough funds to pay all
suppliers. By late 1949 the company had amassed a total
debt of some $20,000. One supplier who was very sympathetic to Lansing and
his
work was Robert Arnold, whom we referred to earlier. It may be said that it is through
the sufferance of Arnold that JBL is in existence
today. At one time, James B. Lansing
Sound, Incorporated, had an indebtedness to Arnold Engineering Company stretching
over a period
of two years. We are not sure why Arnold provided this extra measure of
lenience to Lansing, but it may have had to do with the fact that
Lansing was an avid
promoter of Alnico V magnet material for loudspeaker use. Lansing's endorsement of
the new material would ensure
its general acceptance by the rest of the industry.
On Thursday, September 24th, 1949, at the age of 47, James B. Lansing passed away.
Lansing had been wise enough to secure a life
insurance policy in the name of his
company during the late forties. The policy was for $10,000, and it was the payment
of this policy on
his death that helped William Thomas secure the future of the
company. We must remember that $10,000 was a great deal of money in
1949.
When Lansing died he left his one-third share of the company to his wife. During the
early fifties, Thomas negotiated the purchase
of this amount from Mrs. Lansing and
thus became the sole owner of James B. Lansing Sound, Incorporated.